Fistula - Types and Treatments

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Fistula refers to an abnormal connection or passageway between two organs or structures in the body that are not normally connected. These fistulas can occur in various parts of the body and can be the result of injury, infection, inflammation, or complications from previous surgery.

Fistula Treatment in Coimbatore
Fistula Treatment in Coimbatore
Here we discuss the types of fistula and list of fistulectomy surgery options available. The most common types of fistulas include:

Gastrointestinal Fistula:

An abnormal connection between different parts of the digestive tract, such as between the intestines, stomach, or esophagus. Gastrointestinal fistulas can lead to the leakage of stomach contents into other parts of the abdomen, causing infections and nutritional problems.


Anal Fistula:

Anal fistula refers to the abnormal passage that develops in between the skin near the anus and anal canal or rectum. It is often the result of an abscess or infection in the anal glands. It is often the result of an abscess or infection in the anal glands.

 

Vesicovaginal Fistula (VVF):

A fistula between the bladder and the vagina leads to the involuntary passage of urine into the vagina. VVF is most commonly caused by prolonged obstructed labor during childbirth.

 

Arteriovenous Fistula (AVF):

A connection between an artery and a vein, bypassing the capillary system. AVFs are sometimes intentionally created for medical procedures, such as for hemodialysis in patients with kidney failure.

 

Enterocutaneous Fistula:

An abnormal connection between the intestine and the skin surface, results in the discharge of intestinal contents through the skin. It can occur after abdominal surgery or due to inflammatory bowel disease.

 

Fistulas can cause various symptoms depending on their location and cause. Common symptoms include drainage of fluids or gases from an abnormal opening, pain, infection, and nutritional deficiencies.

 

Treatment for fistulas depends on their type, location, and severity. In some cases, fistulas may close on their own with appropriate medical management. However, many fistulas require surgical intervention to repair or close the abnormal connection. Surgery aims to separate the connected organs or structures and restore their normal function.

 

List of Fistula treatments:

 

1.Incision and Drainage - An abscess associated with the anal fistula may require incision and drainage to treat the infection.

2.Fistulotomy - In many cases, a surgical procedure called fistulotomy is performed to open the entire length of the fistula tract and allow it to heal from the inside out.

3.Fistula Plug or Seton - In some situations, a biocompatible plug or a seton (a piece of thread or rubber) is used to keep the fistula tract open and promote drainage while it heals.

4.Advancement flap procedure

5.Fibrin glue or collagen plug

 

Closing thoughts:

 

Fistulas can be challenging to manage, and treatment may involve a multidisciplinary approach involving fistula specialist doctor, gastroenterologists, urologists, and other specialists as needed.

 

Early detection and appropriate Anal Fistula treatment are crucial to prevent complications and improve the patient's quality of life. Sri Ramakrishna Hospital is providing Fistula Treatment in Coimbatore with the safest treatment methods & highly experienced surgeons.

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